{"id":68,"date":"2023-09-22T16:25:31","date_gmt":"2023-09-22T16:25:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanlebconsulate.com\/?page_id=68"},"modified":"2023-09-25T03:31:53","modified_gmt":"2023-09-25T03:31:53","slug":"expedition-and-settlement","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vanlebconsulate.com\/?page_id=68","title":{"rendered":"Expedition and Settlement"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Expedition and Settlement<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n
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The Phoenicians in the Iberian Peninsula<\/h3>\n

    As\nPhoenicians made the islands of the western Mediterranean as their stations\nwhile spreading in the West, their main settlement station was the Iberian\nPeninsula which includes Spain and Portugal. The Phoenicians started to settle\nin Iberia in the late XIIth century BC, as attested by historical texts and\narchaeological discoveries. Their aim was first to control the Pillars of\nHercules \u2013 Melqart, i.e. the strait of Gibraltar, and second to exploit the\nmines of silver, gold and tin that this area is known for.
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    The Historian Diodorus of Sicily mentions that \u201cthe Phoenicians who\npracticed trade for long years made fortunes and established many colonies in\nSicily and the surrounding islands, as well as in Libya (Africa), Sardinia and\nSpain\u201d. The Greek historian Strabo, however, asserts that they occupied the\nlargest part of Iberia before Homer, i.e. before the IXth century B.C., and\nthat the majority of its cities, whose number us over two hundreds, according\nto the estimation, were inhabited by Phoenician people in his days, i.e. the\nIst century A.D.. Strabo recounts, as mentioned by the inhabitants of Gadeira\nand Cadix islands, that they came from the city of Tyre through three\nmigrations, with the aim of controlling the strait which separates the\nMediterranean from the Atlantic.
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Phoenician Trader and Merchants<\/p>\n

    Before\nthe foundation of Cadix, the Phoenicians established Lixus colony on the coast\nof Morocco facing Cadix, and that was further evidence of their planning to\ncontrol the maritime routes inside and outside the Mediterranean. It should be noted\nthat the Greeks did not implement their colonial expansionist strategy till the\nVIIIth century B.C.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n

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    The Latin historian Paterculus mentions that after 80 years of the fall\nof Troy, i.e. around 1100 B.C., the fleets of Tyre, which dominated the seas at\nthat time, established the city of Cadix at the southwestern part of Spain, on\nan island surrounded by the ocean, and separated from the land by a small\nstrait. The city of Cadix is considered the oldest and the most important\nPhoenician colonies in Iberia. It was called by the Phoenicians \u201cGadeira\u201d, i.e.\n\u201cthe fortress\u201d or \u201cfortification\u201d, and they built therein a prestigious temple\nfor Melqart whom the Greeks call Hercules, on the western part of the island\nfacing the Ocean. The temples that the Phoenicians built were considered as\nimportant sites that guided the sea traders and symbolized divine protection\nand a kind of safety can be considered as a main center for supervising and\ncontrolling the area of Tarsis, rick with the silver mines.
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\n     <\/span>Throughout\ntheir journeys to Spain, the Tyrians introduced to the Ancient World and the\nEast Tarsis, the country of silver as it was called by the Prophet Jeremiah.\nThe ships of Tarsis mentioned in the Old Testament became a byword. The prophet\nEzekiel mentions the Tyrian trade \u201cTarsis was trading for the abundance of\nall riches, therefore, it used to exchange commodities with silver, iron, tin\nand lead\u201d<\/b>. 
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    Researchers estimate that Tarsis, which had totally disappeared, was\nsituated on the land facing Cadix Island, at the southwest of Iberia. It is worth\nnoting that Cadix Island was subsequently attached to Spanish land and turned\ninto a peninsula. Based on historical references from the VIth century B.C.,\nTarsis was a well-known city in Iberia and its name derived from the name of\n\u201cGuadalquivir\u201d river, which has been called before \u201cTarsis\u201d. This river flows\nfrom the \u201cMountain of Silver\u201d and sweeps on its way huge amounts of silver,\ngold, and tin. Then the Tarsis River splits into two branches at its estuary,\nso that Tarsis city becomes like an island between the two branches. No doubt\nthat the establishment of Cadix next to Tarsis was due to the commercial relations\nthat the Phoenician Tyrians had with the population of Tarsis.<\/p>\n

Phoenician \u200bSarcophagus in Cadiz, Spain (Cadix)<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n \n \n \n \n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Expedition and Settlement The Phoenicians in the Iberian Peninsula     As Phoenicians made the islands of the western Mediterranean as their stations while spreading in the West, their main settlement station was the Iberian Peninsula which includes Spain and Portugal. The Phoenicians started to settle in Iberia in the late XIIth century BC, as […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-68","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanlebconsulate.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/68","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanlebconsulate.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanlebconsulate.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanlebconsulate.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanlebconsulate.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=68"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/vanlebconsulate.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/68\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":178,"href":"https:\/\/vanlebconsulate.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/68\/revisions\/178"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanlebconsulate.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=68"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}